| Allergic Rhinitis | Atrophic Rhinitis |
|---|---|
| Definition: | Definition: |
| It is an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity disease of the nasal mucous membrane. | It is a chronic inflammatory nasal disease, characterized by progressive atrophy of nasal mucosa and turbinates. |
| It can be seasonal or perennial. | It has 2 types: Type I - Endarteritis and periarteritis. Type II - Vasodilatation of capillaries. |
| Occurs more in cold environment. | Occurs in tropical countries. |
| Not related to nutrition especially Iron, Vit A deficiency. | Nutrition is an important factor. |
| Psychological stress known to precipitate allergy. | Not related to psychological factors. |
| Clinical Features: | Clinical Features: |
| Nasal irritation. Watery discharge. Sneezing episodes. Anosmia. |
Foul smell (Ozaena). Dryness with nasal blockage. Epistaxis. Anosmia. |
| Signs: | Signs: |
| Anterior and posterior rhinoscopy reveals, turbinate hypertrophy, congested mucosa and ethmoidal polyps may be present. | Anterior and posterior rhinoscopy reveals, greenish crusts, with roomy nostrils, foul smell and pale nasal mucosa. |
| Medical treatment: | Medical treatment: |
| Avoidance. Desensitization. Antihistaminics. Local and systemic corticosteroids. Decongestants. Local chemical cautery. Auto immune therapy. |
Glucose in glycerin nasal drops. Alkaline nasal douche. Kemicetine antiozaenal drops. Surgical: 1. Youngs operation. 2. Stellate ganglion block. 3. Modified Young’s surgery. 4. Raghav Sharan’s surgery. |