Rhinoscleroma is a progressive granulomatous disease of the nose, extending into the nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx and rarely the trachea.
Surgical treatment can be used to re-establish the airway without any further atrophic changes. CO2 laser debulking is a good option in treating extensive rhinoscleroma, even in the active stage, as it provides rapid relief of nasal blockage and decreases the time needed for medical treatment, reducing the possible side effects of antibiotics. Surgical treatment includes augmentation rhinoplasty. However, if left untreated the disease can lead to sepsis, bleeding, or other chronic conditions that can be fatal.